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What Happened One Hot Summer Night in 1988
On the evening of July 30, 1988, a group of people
in Tompkins Square Park were violently rousted by club wielding cops,
claiming that they were enforcing a midnight park curfew. This curfew,
not declared by any city agency, was phony and illegal. Some people
resisted and this got cops very angry.
Over the next seven days, neighbors watched as the
NYPD built up a para-military presence in and around the park, complete
with maneuvers on horse back and displays of crowd control techniques
with phalanxes of riot cops advancing in special formations.
On August 6, 1988, a sweltering hot and stifingly
humid night, anti-Tompkins Square Park curfew demonstrators were
set upon by riot cops at the stroke of midnight, as the police
attempted to clear the park and enforce the curfew. The police pushed
people out of the park and into the streets, beating people
indiscriminately with nightsticks, as police on horseback charged the
crowd, injuring numerous innocent bystanders, some seriously.
All the while a police helicopter hovered just above the rooftops on
Avenue A, blowing up a blinding dust and attracting more and more
residents who came out to see what was going on. Out of control
police charged into the crowd repeatedly, kicking, beating, crashing
peoples' heads with clubs, drawing blood and sending many to the
hospital with concussions and broken bones. Outrage over the
police violence increased as hundreds of cops from all
over the city descended on the neighborhood, randomly chasing and
beating area residents and anyone in their sights. In the midst
of the mayhem the commanding officer left the scene "to take a
personal" at the station house a mile away, leaving the rank and file
cops to terrorize and brutalize the neighborhood -- unconstrained and
unaccountable, in the absence of any mainstream TV news cameras.
Little did they realize that two neighborhood videographers, one whom
was beaten by police as his camera rolled, would come back to
haunt them with footage of the night's unconstrained police violence. The
police attacks lasted all night as people resisted their assaults.
By 6:00 the following morning, the cops withdrew, satisfied that they
had successfully enforced the illegal park curfew until 6am as they had
been ordered to. In reality, the only thing they had succeeded in doing
was to unite our neighborhood like never before!! Over 120 people were
hospitalized with injuries inflicted by gratuitous police beatings. The
evening news was ablaze with the home video footage that showed the
extent of the police wilding in the streets, and clips that exposed
dozens of police attempting to conceal their identities by covering up
their badges with black bands and in some cases removing their shields
altogether. One videographer, Clayton Patterson, captured literally
hours and hours of the attacks on video that was ultimately used as
evidence to bring charges against the police, and in civil lawsuits
brought against the City by those who suffered injuries at the hands of
unruly police. The shot that broke the story to the mainstream media
and topped the week's TV coverage of the riot replayed the point of
view of artist and videomaker Paul Garrin's camera as
several police officers ganged up on him and beat him to the ground in
an attempt to destroy his camera and stop him from videotaping their
crimes. While the video footage contradicted the official story of
the night's events it also ignited public outrage over the police
brutality. In the nights to follow large protests and demonstrations
formed as hundreds of neighborhood residents took to the streets in a show of
solidarity and in opposition to the curfew. The police showed up by the
busload in force and in full riot gear and on their best behavior -- in
light of the media riot -- where hoardes of mainstream TV crews were
determined not to miss this time. Then Mayor Ed Koch relented
and the attempted curfew was rescinded, leaving the park open 24 hours
a day as it had been for a century before.
A
week after the riot a concert and rally was held in the Tompkins Square Park bandshell
(demolished in 1991) where many local bands, poets, performers, and
speakers celebrated the park as free public space where people
gather to express themselves, and demonstrate politically.
Every year since the riot, we have held events,
concerts and demonstrations to commemorate what happened on that hot
summer night in 1988, so that people do not forget and so young people
can learn the history of our struggle to exist in the face of
gentrification and corporatization of our city, and to celebrate the
creative energy and talents that once and again thrive here.
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